Biodiversité

Une nouvelle étude révèle les zones de l'océan où les oiseaux marins sont le plus à risque de subir la pollution plastique, à travers le monde. En étudiant les déplacements alimentaires et de migrations de 7 137 oiseaux appartenant à 77 espèces, les chercheurs et chercheuses ont identifié les points chauds d’expositions aux plastiques en mer et ont mis en évidence la nécessité d’une collaboration internationale pour y remédier. Ces travaux sont publiés dans Nature Communications.

The study focused for the first time on the impacts that plastic pollution has on animals that live on land and in freshwater environments, in the Asia-Pacific region. The study included case studies on the Ganges and Mekong river basins, which together contribute an estimated 200,000 tons of plastic pollution to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean every year.

With an annual production of more than 300 million tons, plastic is one of the most widely used materials in the world. What often escapes one’s attention is that the plastic is used for its main purpose for only a moment compared with its lifecycle of 20 to 500 years. Lightweight and designed to last, the discarded pieces are easily transported to ecosystems through the forces of nature causing serious threats to migratory species around the world. An estimated 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the world’s oceans each year. To make matters worse, plastic does not simply dissolve. Broken down into small particles by water, sunlight and wind, it often leads to lethal cases of ingestion and entanglement.