Biodiversité
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Biodiversité
Revue de presse et du net par le Pôle de partage des connaissances S&T de l'Office français de la biodiversité
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Fisheries outcomes of marine protected area networks: levels of protection, connectivity, and time matter.

Fisheries outcomes of marine protected area networks: levels of protection, connectivity, and time matter. | Biodiversité | Scoop.it

Establishing large networks of fully protected marine protected areas (MPAs) is challenging because of displacement costs for fisheries. The use of partially protected areas is often proposed as an alternative. However, how conservation and fisheries outcomes of MPA networks are mediated through time by the level of protection remains uncertain. Here we use a metapopulation model of a commercially exploited demersal coastal fish to assess conservation and fisheries outcomes of alternative management policies. We compare the temporal performances of nonspatial management, large MPAs, or networks of MPAs in an overfished case study.

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Sève, C., Belharet, M., Melià, P., Di Franco, A., Calò, A., & Claudet, J. (2023). Fisheries outcomes of marine protected area networks: levels of protection, connectivity, and time matter. Conservation Letters, 00, e12983. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12983
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Human impacts on global freshwater fish biodiversity -Science

Human impacts on global freshwater fish biodiversity -Science | Biodiversité | Scoop.it

Freshwater fish represent one-fourth of the world’s vertebrates and provide irreplaceable goods and services but are increasingly affected by human activities. A new index, Cumulative Change in Biodiversity Facets, revealed marked changes in biodiversity in >50% of the world’s rivers covering >40% of the world’s continental surface and >37% of the world’s river length, whereas <14% of the world’s surface and river length remain least impacted.

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By Guohuan Su, Maxime Logez, Jun Xu, Shengli Tao, Sébastien Villéger, Sébastien Brosse Science19 Feb 2021 : 835-838

2O Minutes titre  : Seuls 14 % des cours d’eau du globe n’ont pas eu leur faune impactée par la main de l’Homme https://www.20minutes.fr/planete/2984763-20210224-seuls-14-cours-eau-globe-faune-impactee-main-homme#xtor=RSS-149

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Just ten percent of the global terrestrial protected area network is structurally connected via intact land

Just ten percent of the global terrestrial protected area network is structurally connected via intact land | Biodiversité | Scoop.it

Land free of direct anthropogenic disturbance is considered essential for achieving biodiversity conservation outcomes but is rapidly eroding. In response, many nations are increasing their protected area (PA) estates, but little consideration is given to the context of the surrounding landscape. This is despite the fact that structural connectivity between PAs is critical in a changing climate and mandated by international conservation targets. Using a high-resolution assessment of human pressure, we show that while ~40% of the terrestrial planet is intact, only 9.7% of Earth’s terrestrial protected network can be considered structurally connected. On average, 11% of each country or territory’s PA estate can be considered connected.

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via @manammichelle

Ward, M., Saura, S., Williams, B. et al. Just ten percent of the global terrestrial protected area network is structurally connected via intact land. Nat Commun 11, 4563 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18457-x

Lire dans le Guardian : 'Shocking': wilderness the size of Mexico lost worldwide in just 13 years, study finds https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/19/shocking-wilderness-the-size-of-mexico-lost-worldwide-in-just-13-years-study-finds?CMP=twt_a-environment_b-gdneco

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Dégradation massive des terres à l’échelle planétaire

Dégradation massive des terres à l’échelle planétaire | Biodiversité | Scoop.it

« Au cours des vingt dernières années, les pressions sur les terres et les sols ont considérablement augmenté. Pour préserver notre planète pour les générations futures, nous devons de toute urgence changer la façon dont nous traitons ces précieuses ressources. » Tibor Navracsics, responsable du Centre commun de recherche (JRC), le service scientifique de la Commission européenne, a tiré le signal d’alarme lors de la présentation, le 21 juin, du travail coordonnée par les experts de l’Union européenne.

Plus de 50 % de la surface terrestre est aujourd’hui affectée par ce mécanisme lié aux variations climatiques et aux activités humaines.

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L’accès à la totalité de l’article est payant

Consultez sur le site du Centre commun de recherche de la Commission européenne https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/new-world-atlas-desertification-shows-unprecedented-pressure-planets-natural-resources

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Matrix condition mediates the effects of habitat fragmentation on species extinction risk - Nature Communications

Matrix condition mediates the effects of habitat fragmentation on species extinction risk - Nature Communications | Biodiversité | Scoop.it

Habitat loss is the leading cause of the global decline in biodiversity, but the influence of human pressure within the matrix surrounding habitat fragments remains poorly understood. Here, we measure the relationship between fragmentation (the degree of fragmentation and the degree of patch isolation), matrix condition (measured as the extent of high human footprint levels), and the change in extinction risk of 4,426 terrestrial mammals.

DocBiodiv's insight:

via Moreno Di Marco @m_dimarco "Habitat loss is a key driver of #biodiversity decline, but there is more to #extinction risk than just #habitat loss! We found strong effect of habitat #fragmentation and matrix condition on mammal extinction risk."

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La biologie de la conservation doit-elle prendre en compte les paysages odorants ? Sciences Eaux & Territoires, la revue d'INRAE

La biologie de la conservation doit-elle prendre en compte les paysages odorants ? Sciences Eaux & Territoires, la revue d'INRAE | Biodiversité | Scoop.it

Les organismes vivants et la matière organique en décomposition libèrent dans l’atmosphère une grande diversité de composés organiques créant ainsi des paysages olfactifs servant de repères aux espèces au sein de leur milieu. Mais de nos jours, les activités humaines produisent elles-aussi d’innombrables composés odorants sans que nous n’y prenions nécessairement garde du fait de notre faible utilisation de l’odorat. Ces modifications anthropiques des paysages odorants affectent-elles le fonctionnement des écosystèmes ? Le cas échéant, comment est-il possible d’y remédier ?

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Référence électronique :
RENOU, Michel ; SORDELLO, Romain ; REYJOL, Yorick, La biologie de la conservation doit-elle prendre en compte les paysages odorants ?, Revue Science Eaux & Territoires, article hors-série, 7 p., 03/02/2021, disponible en ligne sur <URL : http://www.set-revue.fr/la-biologie-de-la-conservation-doit-elle-prendre-en-compte-les-paysages-odorants> (consulté le 08/02/2021).

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In the fight against biodiversity loss, connectivity is key (commentary)

In the fight against biodiversity loss, connectivity is key (commentary) | Biodiversité | Scoop.it
It is no secret that habitat destruction and fragmentation are the leading causes of biodiversity loss worldwide, and climate change is only making it worse. Species blinking out, shrinking populations and significant range contractions caused by human activities have negative impacts on biodiversity as well as ecosystem functions and services. Extinction events have happened before […]
DocBiodiv's insight:

Consultez "Guidelines for Conserving Connectivity through Ecological Networks and Corridors"  https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/49061

Jodi Hilty(auteur de cet article) est chercheur au Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative et co-auteur du guide cité précédemment.

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Le JT 19/20 Franche-Comté au labo de Chrono-environnement de Besançon

Le JT 19/20 Franche-Comté au labo de Chrono-environnement de Besançon | Biodiversité | Scoop.it

Reportage au coeur du labo de Chrono-environnement de Besançon qui travaille depuis 10 ans en équipe pluridisciplinaire, sur la compréhension des impacts des activités humaines sur l'environnement.

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A partir de 9'38

Ce reportage est suivi par un sujet sur l'apron,  la mise en oeuvre du plan de sauvegarde qui le concerne, le travail des agents de l'Agence française de la biodiversité sur la Loue.

Temps de visionnage total 5 minutes.

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