Biodiversité

D'après une étude publiée dans Nature Climate Change, certains groupes d'animaux sauvages – neuf au total – possèderaient un "effet multiplicateur" dans l'absorption du CO2 de l'atmosphère et le stockage du carbone au sein des écosystèmes naturels, contribuant à la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique. Mais les données scientifiques à la base de cette conclusion sont fragiles.

Extensive ecosystem restoration is increasingly seen as being central to conserving biodiversity1 and stabilizing the climate of the Earth2. Although ambitious national and global targets have been set, global priority areas that account for spatial variation in benefits and costs have yet to be identified. Here we develop and apply a multicriteria optimization approach that identifies priority areas for restoration across all terrestrial biomes, and estimates their benefits and costs. We find that restoring 15% of converted lands in priority areas could avoid 60% of expected extinctions while sequestering 299 gigatonnes of CO2—30% of the total CO2 increase in the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution.