Biodiversité

Understanding the relative effectiveness and enabling conditions of different area-based management tools is essential for supporting efforts that achieve positive biodiversity outcomes as area-based conservation coverage increases to meet newly set international targets. We used data from a coastal social–ecological monitoring program in 6 Indo-Pacific countries to analyze whether social, ecological, and economic objectives and specific management rules (temporal closures, fishing gear-specific, species-specific restrictions) were associated with coral reef fish biomass above sustainable yield levels across different types of area-based management tools (i.e., comparing those designated as marine protected areas [MPAs] with other types of area-based management).

Revoir la vidéo L'interview d'actualité - Julie Deshayes sur France 2, moment fort de l'émission du 25-07-2023 sur france.tv

A l'occasion de la semaine du son de l'UNESCO, le Parc propose de se pencher sur l'acoustique du lagon. En effet, le « monde du silence » regorge de crissements, de craquements, de pépiements, de chants et de vrombissements...

The establishment of multiple zones offering different protection levels within a Marine Protected Area (MPA) can minimize social conflicts while maintaining associated biodiversity benefits such as fish population replenishment. Parrotfishes are among one of the most ecologically important reef fishes; yet extremely overexploited worldwide. In this context, well-designed priority management areas allowing no fishing activity (no-take zones) could help recover fish species, such as parrotfishes, through a MPA zoning process.

Tropical coral reefs are subject to multiple pressures from both natural and anthropogenic sources. These pressures have caused widespread declines in reef health, resulting in the increased use of spatial management tools such as marine protected areas (MPAs). MPAs have proven generally effective if well designed and enforced, but there are limited long-term studies investigating how the presence of small-scale MPAs affects fish populations and reef communities. Using a 12-year time series, we found that small-scale (10–50 ha) community-managed MPAs along the Danajon Bank of the Philippines preserved average fish biomass within their boundaries over time relative to surrounding fished reefs. Unprotected areas are, however, showing significant long-term biomass decline. MPAs were also found to preserve more key trophic groups and larger-bodied commercially targeted reef fish families.

Une équipe de chercheurs du Laboratoire de biodiversité et biotechnologies microbiennes et de l’Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer (Sorbonne Université / CNRS) a mis au point une approche unique pour surveiller le stress des coraux exposés à certains filtres contenus dans les crèmes solaires. Parus le 15 juin 2020 dans Scientific Reports, ces nouveaux travaux s’inscrivent dans le prolongement d’une première étude1 datant de décembre 2018 et ayant déjà permis de mettre en évidence la toxicité d’un filtre solaire, l’octocrylène, pour les coraux.

Du 2 au 11 juillet, six scientifiques se rendent sur le récif d'Entrecasteaux dans le cadre de la mission Iguane. Comme son nom ne l'indique pas, cette mission s'intéresse à l'impact des fientes d'oiseaux marins sur les récifs coralliens. 

The influence of depth and associated gradients in light, nutrients and plankton on the ecological organization of tropical reef communities was first described over six decades ago but remains untested across broad geographies. During this time humans have become the dominant driver of planetary change, requiring that we revisit historic ecological paradigms to ensure they capture the dynamics of contemporary ecological systems. Analysing >5,500 in-water reef fish surveys between 0 and 30 m depth on reef slopes of 35 islands across the Pacific, we assess whether a depth gradient consistently predicts variation in reef fish biomass.

Conséquence directe de la persistance de conditions anticycloniques, généreusement ensoleillées et excessivement chaudes, la température de l'eau de mer atteint des niveaux très élevés et entraîne des conséquences néfastes.

Tout réchauffement climatique, même minime, va entraîner la disparition des récifs coralliens nécessaires à la survie de 500 millions de personnes, affirme une étude.

One of the perks of having a window seat in an airplane at night is looking out at the lights below. All that bright light underneath is actually a form of light pollution, or excessive artificial light. Like other forms of pollution, light pollution impacts both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In fact, as of 2010, over 20 percent of Earth’s coastlines were lit up artificially at night. As the human footprint on the planet continues to increase, the impact of light pollution on ecosystems remains a concern. 

Les activités humaines ont un impact global sur les requins de récif. La création de sanctuaires et d'aires marines protégées de très grande taille font partie des mesures susceptibles de restaurer les populations de ces prédateurs essentiels à l'équilibre des écosystèmes côtiers des zones tropicales.