Biodiversité

Les précédents plans nationaux d’action ont permis d’atteindre le seuil de viabilité démographique du loup en France. La population de cette espèce protégée est en croissance dans plusieurs départements et le front de colonisation s’étend.

The Government of India has taken several steps for conservation of biodiversity which includes survey, inventorization, taxonomic validation and threat assessment of floral and faunal resources; assessment to develop an accurate database for planning and monitoring as well as conservation and protection of forests; establishment of a protected area network of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, conservation and community reserves; designating Biosphere Reserves for conservation of representative ecosystems; undertaking of species oriented programmes, such as Project Tiger, Project Elephant, Project Dolphin; complemented with ex-situ conservation efforts.

A total of 1,02,718 species of fauna and 54,733 species of flora have been documented in the 10 biogeographic zones of the country.

Protected Areas (PAs) are the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation. Here, we collated distributional data for >14,000 (~70% of) species of amphibians and reptiles (herpetofauna) to perform a global assessment of the conservation effectiveness of PAs using species distribution models. Our analyses reveal that >91% of herpetofauna species are currently distributed in PAs, and that this proportion will remain unaltered under future climate change. Indeed, loss of species’ distributional ranges will be lower inside PAs than outside them. Therefore, the proportion of effectively protected species is predicted to increase. However, over 7.8% of species currently occur outside PAs, and large spatial conservation gaps remain, mainly across tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, and across non-high-income countries.

L’Office français de la biodiversité (OFB) est impliqué dans la « Stratégie d’action 2021-2022 Limicoles nicheurs des plages - Façade Manche Est - Mer du Nord » qui vise à suivre la nidification de quatre espèces d’oiseaux sur l’ensemble des plages situées de la baie du Mont Saint Michel à la frontière belge.

When an expert volunteer is walking through a sunny meadow recording butterflies or searching by torchlight for newts, it can seem a long way from the negotiating halls of Convention on Biological Diversity meetings or from civil servants drafting new legislation.

But trends in species’ abundance, distribution or extinction risk, derived from monitoring and recording schemes, have wide influence in developing and monitoring environmental strategies, agreements and legislation.

Individual species status assessments underpin the lists of priority species within each of the four UK countries. For example, the Environment (Wales) Act 2016 gives Welsh ministers the responsibility ‘maintain and enhance’ species on the Section 7 list. However, many uses of species’ status information come from creating composite measures giving an overview of the status of a taxonomic group, habitat type or of species in general.

Kew’s State of the World’s Plants and Fungi project provides assessments of our current knowledge of the diversity of plants and fungi on Earth, the global threats that they face, and the policies to safeguard them. Our fifth report in the State of the World’s series lays out the current condition of the world’s plants and fungi globally, and is titled 'Tackling the Nature Emergency: Evidence, gaps and priorities'

COMMUNIQUE DE PRESSE - L’application de sciences participatives DRYRivERS montre déjà des premiers résultats ! Déployée à l’échelle internationale en 2022, elle enregistre en 1 an plus de 4000 contributions. Un ensemble de données en open-source, accessibles à tous via un simple site web. Un démarrage encourageant pour la préservation et la gestion de nos rivières, à l’échelle du globe.

Depuis 1990, dans le cadre des plans nationaux d’action en faveur des milieux humides, le service statistique du ministère évalue tous les dix ans un panel de sites humides emblématiques métropolitains et ultramarins. Ces sites, sélectionnés pour leur richesse faunistique, floristique, culturelle et patrimoniale, peuvent pour certains faire l’objet d’un statut de protection ou de gestion spécifique (parc national, réserve naturelle, Natura 2000, labellisation Ramsar, etc.). L’évaluation 2010-2020, copilotée par le service des données et études statistiques et l’Office français de la biodiversité, a porté sur 189 sites (161 en métropole et 28 en outre-mer) appartenant à 6 grands types de sites humides, représentatifs de la diversité des écosystèmes humides français et de leur degré de résilience face aux diverses menaces.

Au sommaire notamment :

- Towards a multidimensional framework to assess the social and ecological fit of institutional arrangements for private protected areas
Giulia Iannuzzi, João Mourato and Rui Santos
- A remoteness-oriented approach to defining, protecting and restoring wildernesss
Martin Hawes and Grant Dixon
- Much ado about nothing: a conceptual discussion on novel or niche tourism in protected areas
Andrew Blackmore

Tropical coral reefs are subject to multiple pressures from both natural and anthropogenic sources. These pressures have caused widespread declines in reef health, resulting in the increased use of spatial management tools such as marine protected areas (MPAs). MPAs have proven generally effective if well designed and enforced, but there are limited long-term studies investigating how the presence of small-scale MPAs affects fish populations and reef communities. Using a 12-year time series, we found that small-scale (10–50 ha) community-managed MPAs along the Danajon Bank of the Philippines preserved average fish biomass within their boundaries over time relative to surrounding fished reefs. Unprotected areas are, however, showing significant long-term biomass decline. MPAs were also found to preserve more key trophic groups and larger-bodied commercially targeted reef fish families.