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Conférence ouverte à tous organisée le 5 avril à 18h sur le campus Pierre et Marie Curie de Sorbonne Université. Cette conférence grand public, et ouverte à tous, se penchera sur deux grandes crises de biodiversité : la plus massive, il y a 250 millions d'années et la plus connue, il y a 66 millions d'années ! Elle sera présentée par Sylvie Crasquin, paléontologue au Centre de Recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P) et s’inscrit dans le cycle « L’histoire de la vie sous les projecteurs »
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Dans le sillage d’une étude édifiante publiée fin octobre, «Libération» a enquêté sur la disparition des scolopendres, abeilles et consorts. Pour protéger ces animaux mal suivis mais essentiels à l’équilibre de la biodiversité, les experts appellent, entre autres, à la réduction drastique des pesticides.
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The estimation of extinction dates from limited and incomplete sighting records is a key challenge in conservation (when experts are uncertain whether a species has gone extinct) and historical ecology (when the date and mechanism of extinction is controversial). We introduce a spatially-explicit method of interpolating extinction date estimators, allowing users to estimate spatiotemporal surfaces of population persistence from georeferenced sighting data of variable quality.
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Protected areas (PAs) represent a cornerstone of efforts to safeguard biodiversity, and if effective should reduce threats to biodiversity. We present the most comprehensive assessment of threats to terrestrial PAs, based on in situ data from 1,961 PAs across 149 countries, assessed by PA managers and local stakeholders. Unsustainable hunting was the most commonly reported threat and occurred in 61% of all PAs, followed by disturbance from recreational activities occurring in 55%, and natural system modifications from fire or its suppression in 49%.
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Management of large carnivores is among the most controversial topics in natural resource administration. Regulated hunting is a centrepiece of many carnivore management programmes and, although a number of hunting effects on population dynamics, body-size distributions and life history in other wildlife have been observed, its effects on life history and demography of large carnivores remain poorly documented.
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L’impact du réchauffement climatique sur la biodiversité se mesure très nettement depuis l’espace, grâce au système Argos qui suit des milliers d’animaux sauvages chaque mois.
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C’est l’un des enjeux étudiés par Robotica, un projet explorant les synergies possibles entre faune sauvage et faune technologique.
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A recent study by IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) reveals nearly 60 per cent of iconic freshwater species such as crocodiles, hippos, sturgeons and river dolphins are classified as threatened on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and lacking adequate protection.
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Barnett et al. show that age truncation is prevalent and often severe in exploited
marine fish populations. These changes in age structure likely reduce trait diversity
and thus may reduce stability of fish populations and marine communities.
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The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is a global framework for monitoring the status of ecosystems. It is part of the growing toolbox for assessing risks to biodiversity and aims to support conservation, resource use, and management decisions by identifying ecosystems most at risk of biodiversity loss. These Guidelines assist correct implementation of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems Categories and Criteria by providing information on the development of the protocol and a detailed overview of the scientific foundations supporting the categories and criteria.
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C'est la conclusion d'une étude menée chaque année depuis 30 ans dans le Parc national de la Vanoise par des chercheurs de l'Université de Lyon 1. Plus fragiles, les marmottes font moins de petits et leur population tend à diminuer sur ce territoire.
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L’organisation scientifique Les Jardins botaniques royaux de Kew dresse un nouvel inventaire de la flore mondiale. De possibles aliments du futur y figurent.
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Charismatic megafauna species may act as both flagship and umbrella species. They influence local environments and biotas, determine related ecosystem processes and functions, and are associated with high levels of biodiversity. However, the intrinsic characteristics of megafauna species including long lifespan, large body size, sparseness and/or rarity, late maturity, and low fecundity, as well as high market value, make them very prone to extinction.
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Le laboratoire du Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC) est situé dans les Deux-Sèvres, au sud de Niort, dans la forêt domaniale de Chizé. Une équipe constituée d’une dizaine de chercheurs, d'une soixantaine d'ingénieurs, de techniciens et d’étudiants développent des programmes d’étude, en écologie, sur les animaux sauvages dans leur milieu naturel.
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We are currently experiencing an exciting moment in conservation, according to Dr. Dalia Conde, Director of Science at Species360 and Associate Professor of the University of Southern Denmark. In her seminar lecture entitled “Mapping Information Gaps: Towards an Index of Knowledge for Every Vertebrate Species”, Dr. Conde described the unique opportunity that we currently have to capitalize on machine learning technology and big data tools to create an interconnected and standardized knowledge system on the life history of the world’s biodiversity. Dr. Conde explained how, in her view, biodiversity data resembles the universe: it is ever expanding and becoming infinite thanks to mixed forms of data collection, from field based research and captive population studies, to citizen science, or genome coding. However, all the effort that we are putting into producing large quantities of data on species life histories can become futile if we are unable to transform basic data into interconnected knowledge that can be used for conservation decision making.
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Les mousses, les lichens, les algues terrestres et les cyanobactéries sont également menacées par le réchauffement climatique et à l’usage des sols, révèle une étude publiée dans Nature Climate Change. D’ici à 2070, leur aire de répartition pourrait se comprimer de près de moitié, ce qui aurait d’importantes retombées environnementales et sanitaires.
Ces trente dernières années, des scientifiques de plus en plus nombreux tentent d’alerter sur la période d’extinction de masse du vivant que nous traversons.
Via Hubert MESSMER
Si elle compte peu de spécimens, une espèce est-elle forcément condamnée ? Des chercheurs américains de l'Université de Californie rappellent dans un article paru le 6 novembre 2017 dans la revue que toutes les espèces rares ne le sont pas à cause des dégâts causés par l'homme et ne sont pas forcément au bord de l'extinction. Certaines d'entre elles ont toujours eu une population très réduite comme certains gastéropodes terrestres ou aquatiques, ce qui pourrait être selon les scientifiques et contre toute attente, être la clé de leur survie.
Via Hubert MESSMER
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Is Reintroduction Biology an Effective Applied Science? Taylor, Gemma et al. Trends in Ecology & Evolution , Volume 32 , Issue 11 , 873 - 880
Invasion Science in the Developing World: A Response to Ricciardi et al. Zenni, Rafael D. et al. Trends in Ecology & Evolution , Volume 32 , Issue 11 , 807 - 808
Invasion Science: Looking Forward Rather Than Revisiting Old Ground – A Reply to Zenni et al. Ricciardi, Anthony et al. Trends in Ecology & Evolution , Volume 32 , Issue 11 , 809 - 810
The Nebulous Ecology of Native Invasions Nackley, Lloyd L. et al. Trends in Ecology & Evolution , Volume 32 , Issue 11 , 814 - 824
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Global biodiversity loss is disproportionately rapid on islands, where invasive species are a major driver of extinctions. To inform conservation planning aimed at preventing extinctions, we identify the distribution and biogeographic patterns of highly threatened terrestrial vertebrates (classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature) and invasive vertebrates on ~465,000 islands worldwide by conducting a comprehensive literature review and interviews with more than 500 experts.
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Depuis quarante ans, le Conservatoire botanique national méditerranéen veille sur les plantes menacées de la région.
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Les chercheurs ont examiné plus de 27 000 espèces de vertébrés, dont environ 4 400 menacées d'extinction.
Des chercheurs britanniques considèrent que l'image de certaines espèces animales est si utilisée par des marques que ces dernières devraient verser des royalties destinées à la sauvegarde de ces animaux.
Via Hubert MESSMER
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The strong focus on species extinctions, a critical aspect of the contemporary pulse of biological extinction, leads to a common misimpression that Earth’s biota is not immediately threatened, just slowly entering an episode of major biodiversity loss. This view overlooks the current trends of population declines and extinctions. Using a sample of 27,600 terrestrial vertebrate species, and a more detailed analysis of 177 mammal species, we show the extremely high degree of population decay in vertebrates, even in common “species of low concern.”
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Dans un communiqué publié vendredi, le Muséum national d'histoire naturelle s'inquiète des conséquences de la consommation de cuisses de grenouilles sur l'environnement.
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![[Climat] Argos, des balises pour l’avenir de la faune sauvage | Biodiversité | Scoop.it](https://img.scoop.it/n1VSxo6HPhZA4hjOllFb4jl72eJkfbmt4t8yenImKBVvK0kTmF0xjctABnaLJIm9)
